There are eight accepted subspecies in the U.S., including the two black-tailed species. That brings us to the topic of this article, where we will dive into what the deer population is in each U.S. state, and which types of deer you can find there. White-tailed deer are generalists, thriving in a variety of habitat types. When you click and buy we may earn an affiliate commission at no cost to you. There is also a small population of black-tailed deer on the island of Kauai that were introduced from Oregon in 1961. This 2021 article in the Observer-Dispatch reports a white-tailed deer population of approximately 1.2 million. So the places you hunt might reflect more than the figure shown above. 2019. Purpose: Digitization of white-tailed deer densities during 1982 in the United States. White-tailed deer belong to the order of artiodactyla and familyCervidae and may live up to 12 years in the wild, although they rarely reach anything over seven years of age. Deer are found throughout the state with three subspecies broken up by geographic location. There is a really nice timeline of events affecting the deer on the states history of deer management page. Many towns are trying to figure out programs that will work for them to keep the deer population in check. This flash can alert other deer that danger has been spotted, and is known as flagging. For full disclosure, both Indiana and Michigan were excluded from this list because their respective DNRs no longer estimate statewide populations. 6 to 7 spot. Some might ask what the perfect number is. Digitized white-tailed deer densities for the continental United States. From 1940 to 1985 over 9,000 deer were released into various counties and wildlife management areas of Tennessee. Digitization of white-tailed deer densities during 1982 in the United States. Deer numbers in Arkansas significantly declined due to unrestricted market hunting during the 1800s until 1915. White-tailed Deer Hunting Units Unit A Unit A includes Bradley, Carter, Hamilton, Hawkins, Johnson, Knox, Loudon, Marion, McMinn, Meigs, Rhea, Roane, and Sullivan counties. So what are the problems that come with too many deer? Our deer blog is one of the longest-running and most popular ones out there. However, White emphasized that even though the overall harvest is lower, there are some very good deer hunting counties in the region. Turkey Harvest Report by County / WMA. Theyre pretty appealing. Their numbers rebounded through conservation efforts from 25 in 1955 to 800 in more recent years. 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White-tailed deer were plentiful in Illinois during the early 1800s, but supply began to dwindle by 1850 with the development of the railroads, cutting of timber and conversion of prairie land to farm land. Illinois Department of Natural Resources: deer hunting information. However in many areas of eastern Massachusetts where hunting is restricted by town firearm laws or land closures, the deer population is not well controlled. To date, the majority of the herd exists in middle and western Tennessee, while densities in the Mississippi River counties, the Cumberland Plateau, and far eastern portions of the state remain below desired levels. Outdoor Alabama: Deer hunting information and regulations. To browse or use data from this site, no account is necessary! Because of restoration initiatives, effective game laws, and wise management, the deer herd in Tennessee has increased dramatically from approximately 2,000 deer in the 1940's to an estimated 900,000 animals in 2005. Fewer deer means more food for other deer, which leads to healthier and bigger animals. Habitat loss, decrease in forgeable food and hunting brought species to the brink by the early 1900s. Import restrictions have been designed to protect these native herds. This remains pretty average for the states deer population over the last 20 years which has ranged from about 115,000 to 160,000. They are only found in the Florida keys and are an endangered species. Crossbows are legal during the entire archery season on both the Kentucky and Tennessee portions of LBL. (dataset) Walters, Brian F.; Woodall, Christopher W.; Russell, Matthew B. Find local businesses, view maps and get driving directions in Google Maps. Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission: information for hunting in Florida. In general, black-tailed deer occur in the western half of the state, while white-tailed and mule deer occur in the eastern half. Minnesota only harbors 9.4 deer per square mile. The overall size, length, and branches on antlers depends on how well-fed the deer is, how old it is, and some is just genetics. The Alabama Department of Conservation and other groups began restocking white-tailed deer as early as the 1930s, with most of the restocking efforts happening during the 50s and 60s. The TWRA page states that the deer population has expanded from just a few counties in eastern Tennessee during the 1940s to being present in all 95 counties state-wide today. Go here for more on deer hunting in Texas. In 2017 the Georgia Wildlife Resources Division reported an estimated population of 1.27 million. The farmland sites contain 4 major outliers: Indian Creek, Killdeer Plains, Lake La Su An, and Deer Creek, which all have estimated densities of over 100 deer per square mile. The rest are mule deer. . Importing of white-tailed deer from Michigan began in 1930 to strategic habitats. White-tailed deer density estimates across the eastern United States, 2008. Plant them closer to your house, and put a border around them of stronger smelling plants such as lavender, mint or garlic. While populations still continue to fluctuate due to habitat loss, weather, disease and other factors, it remains in the hundreds of thousands. In the early 1900s laws regulating deer hunting were passed but did little good as they went unenforced for the most part. The main noticeable difference between the mule deer and the white-tailed deer are ear size, tails, and antlers. Estimates of deer density were: White = rare, absent, or urban area with unknown population, Green = less than 15 deer per square mile, Yellow = 15 to 30 deer per square mile, Orange = 30 to 40 deer per square mile, or Red = greater than 45 deer per square mile. North Dakota Game & Fish: deer hunting information. The Arkansas Game and Fish Commission starting putting limits on hunting in 1916 to try and turn the tide, with an estimated 2,000 deer remaining in the state. A deer stocking program began in 1932 and continued for nearly 30 years. Mule deer are the most populous with a 2020 estimate of 85,000-100,000 mule deer in Arizona. Estimates of deer density were: White = rare, absent, or urban area with unknown population, Green = less than 15 deer per square mile, Yellow = 15 to 30 deer per square mile, Orange = 30 to 40 deer per square mile, or Red = greater than 45 deer per square mile. Their population is recovering due to prohibiting antlerless harvest for a few years and milder winters. It works fully in Excel: 1. Thank you for visiting! The state department of wildlife and fisheries began to manage deer by setting hunting seasons and restocking in the late 1940s. This not only allows them to digest a wide variety of foods, but they can eat and wait until later to digest. However, at an application level, density analysis can provide valuable insight into natural and social phenomena. Minnesota only harbors 9.4 deer per square mile. The Sitka blacktail deer is native to the coastal rainforests of southeastern Alaska, and has been introduced to areas of South Central Alaska. California Department Fish and Wildlife: Deer Harvest Requirements. Learn more. Estimated Hunter-days by Species. Does 2.5 years of age and older in high-quality habitats generally have two fawns, whereas their 1.5-year-old counterparts usually have only one. Thats an impressive comeback from the near extinction they faced in the state at the turn of the 20th century. Click here for more deer hunting articles and videos. The program aims to address many factors impacting mule deer such as post-fire rehabilitation, pinyon-juniper removal, invasive weed abatement, re-establishing beneficial shrub/grass/forbs to compromised habitats, water development, spring protection, highway crossings, migration corridor protection, disease surveillance, assessing and trying to mitigate impacts from mining/energy development, predator management, and collaring and monitoring mule deer to identity limiting factors/mortality/habitat selection, etc.. A total of 159,962 deer were harvested. The average live weight for adult males in Tennessee is 140 pounds, and average the live weight size for females is 100 pounds. The Coues deer are most commonly found in the southeastern mountains but also up through the Mogollon Rim and White Mountains. These categories represent coarse deer density levels as identified in the QDMA report in 2009 and should not be used to represent current or future deer densities across the study region. Georgia Wildlife Resources Division: deer hunting information. This will only print the area on the screen. Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation: deer hunting resources. These deer gained the name mule due to their elongated ears that resemble a donkey. Retrieved from the Data Repository for the University of Minnesota, http://dx.doi.org/10.13020/D6G014. Estimated Harvest by Species. Most of the population growth in recent years has occurred in the southern half of the lower peninsula. Click here for more information on deer hunting in Minnesota. If you ever see a deer in the woods and they spot you, you might catch them flagging as they run away. Overall, this strategy has worked relatively well, as most areas are harvesting the desired number of does (Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency 2005). Hunting seasons, bag limits, deer restocking and habitat restoration are just a few of the management practices that sprung up. Advertisement The region as a whole had a harvest of 20,546 deer. Something that many of you might find very interesting is how this list compares to that of our nations highest deer populations per square mile, of which almost all of these states did not make the cut. Hunting of black-tailed deer is allowed, and at the time of writing this article so is hunting of mule and white-tailed deer, in order to help get more information on these new populations entering the state. The longest known mule deer migration occurs in Wyoming where deer travel 150 miles from the Red Desert to the mountain slopes around the Hoback Basin. The percentage of does in the overall harvest has increased steadily from 19% in 1984 to 32% in 1994 to 45% in 2004. 8 with 7.7 deer per square mile. This is where we cover all things deer hunting, from experts and whitetail trivia to news, gear, and hardcore hunting advice. In 1974 the state passed the Deer Management Act and had its first deer hunting season the following year. This has been accomplished through liberalized antlerless bag limits, liberalized deer tagging regulations, increased seasons, and increased non-quota antlerless hunting opportunities. Hawaii Division of Forestry and Wildlife: hunting rules and regulations. The site is secure. However in localized urban and suburban areas, many populations are increasing. However, deer overpopulation can lead to damage and problems for human safety. (3.63 psm) Basically total reported deer kill is 40% of the total deer . The state reports that in areas where hunting is allowed and accessible, deer numbers are well balanced. CREATE YOUR TENNESSEE DENSITY MAP IN 3 STEPS! Thus far they report that the harvest has not met the numbers they want, and the state is continuing to work on management strategies. We have built the easiest Tennessee Heat Map Maker in the universe! We couldnt find any hard numbers and its likely an estimate has not yet been made. Deer are browsers, eating young vegetation and twigs of shrubs and young trees. According to this article current estimates are about 40,000 60,000 on Molokai, 20,000 on Lanai and 30,000 50,000 on Maui. Deer density remains highest in the Tennessee portion of LBL. In Tennessee cervids include deer and elk. Hunting is the number one cause of mortality for adult white-tailed deer in many parts of their range, including Tennessee. The Vermont fish & wildlife page reports that the pre-hunt estimate for white-tailed deer population in the state was approximately 133,000. They consider the population stable. Historical data from Tennessee suggests that there has been no negative impact on the herd due to lower buck limits (11-buck limit pre-1998, 3-buck limit post-1998). Therefore, QDM is best left as a management tool utilized by individual hunters and/or landowners. It also says hunters harvest a whopping 280,000 deer each year, on average. 2009. The estimated all-time low whitetail deer population numbers in Louisiana was about 20,000 in 1925. The mule deer working group estimates the 2021 mule deer population at 330,700. Many white-tailed deer live in forests and prefer habitat with young growth and forest edge. The white-tailed deer has a reddish-brown coat in the spring which fades to a grayish-brown coat during the fall and winter. 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